This article offers an innovative evaluation of the evolution, presence and visibility of Muslims in Spain, up to the cooperation agreements signed between the State and Muslim communities. This, and other aspects, has nearly always been observed and/or studied from a quantitative interpretation of/about migration flows; however, there is another set of traditionally overlooked factors, such as the socio-historical and political context of the relations between the Spanish State and the Arab and Muslim population, the contextual factors that have favoured these political relations, and the incorporation of new actors, for instance students and converted Muslims.
Spain, Muslims, immigration, institutionalisation, associationism.